# Implicit Bias

> 【EN】Research on “implicit bias” suggests that people can act on the basis of prejudice and stereotypes without intending to do so. While psychologists in the field of “implicit social cognition” study consumer products, self-esteem, food, alcohol, political values, and more, the most striking and well-known research has focused on implicit biases toward members of socially stigmatized groups, such as African-Americans, women, and the LGBTQ community. [ 1 ] For example, imagine Frank, who explicitly believes that women and men are equally suited for careers outside the home. Despite his explicitly egalitarian belief, Frank might nevertheless behave in any number of biased ways, from distrusting feedback from female co-workers to hiring equally qualified men over women. Part of the reason for Frank’s discriminatory behavior might be an implicit gender bias. … 【中】词条考察隐性测量的方法及其所测量的东西，讨论这些心理状态的形而上学：它们是态度还是信念，隐性的过程是联想性的还是命题式的，涉及泛化信念、斯宾诺莎式信念形成，以及特质与情境的作用；并触及自我知识与道德责任等问题，追问这类状态该由谁来负责、如何负责。

- ID: m13220
- Category: culture
- Domain: 哲学

## Definition

关于隐性偏见的研究表明，人们会在并非有意的情况下依据偏见与刻板印象行动；“内隐社会认知”领域的心理学家研究消费品、自尊、食物、政治价值观等对象，其中最引人注目、最广为人知的研究聚焦于针对社会污名化群体的隐性偏见。 脚手架作用：- 解释言行脱节：说明真诚持有平等信念的人，为何仍会做出带偏见的行为。 - 设计纠偏机制：用放慢决策、结构化流程与可核查指标，绕开自动联想的牵引。

## How it works

社会认知中存在可分离的两种加工：外显态度受反思与控制，内隐联结则在快速、自动的加工中起作用。正因为二者可以分离，一个人完全可以真诚地持有平等信念，其行为却仍受自动联想的牵引。

## Practice

1) 承认外显信念与自动反应可能不一致，不把二者混为一谈；2) 在招聘、评价等场景引入结构化流程与可核查标准；3) 用记录与统计复盘决策结果，而非依赖印象；4) 把改进落在制度设计上，而不只靠个人意志。

## Use

- 解释言行脱节：说明真诚持有平等信念的人，为何仍会做出带偏见的行为。 - 设计纠偏机制：用放慢决策、结构化流程与可核查指标，绕开自动联想的牵引。

[Read the web page](https://thinkingmodels.site/en/entries/detail/m13220)